CHAPTER 9

CHAPTER 9: OPERATING SYSTEM

OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)

- A set of programs containing instructions that work together to
  coordinate all the activities among computer and mobile device
  hardware

Start and shut down a computer or mobile device

Provide a user interface

Provide file management and other device or media-related task

Coordinate tasks

Establish an Internet connection

Updating operating system software

Control a network

Monitor performance

Manage memory

Administer security

OPERATING SYSTEM FUNCTIONS

• User Interface (UI)

          - Controls how to enter data and instructions and how 

            information is displayed on the screen

• The operating system determines the order in which tasks are processes

• Driver

          - A small program that tells the operating system how to 

            communicate with a specific device

• Provide a means to establish Internet connections

• Provide users with a variety of tools related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs

          -File Manager

          -Disk Defragmenter

          -Search

          -File compression

          -Screen saver

          -Image viewer

          -Uninstaller

          -PC Maintenance

          -Dick Cleanup

          -Backup and Restore

• Automatic update

          - Automatically provides new features or corrections to the 

            program

• User account

          - Enables a use to sign in to, or access resources on, a network 

            or computer

TYPE OF OPERATING SYSTEM

DESKTOP OPERATING SYSTEM

- A complete operating system that works on desktops, laptops and 

  some tablets

   

   Ex: Windows, Linux, Mac OS, Unix

• Windows 8 features:

          -Start screen interface with tiles

          -Includes the desktop interface

          -Support for input via touch, mouse, and keyboard

          -Email app, calendar app, and browser included

          -Enhanced security through an antivirus program, firewall, and 

           automatic updates

          -Windows Store offers additional applications for purchase

• The Macintosh operating system has earned a reputation for its ease of use

• UNIX is a multitasking operating system developed in the early 1970
• Linux is a popular, multitasking UNIX-based operating system

MOBILE OPERATING SYSTEM

• Android

          - An open source, Linux-based mobile operating system 

            designed by Google for smartphones and tablets

• Windows phone

          - Developed by Microsoft, is a proprietary mobile operating 

            system that runs on some smartphones

• iOS

          - Developed by Apple, is a proprietary mobile operating system 

            specifically made for Apple’s mobile devices

CHAPTER 8

CHAPTER 8: DIGITAL STORAGE

STORAGE

- Storage medium is the physical material on which a computer keeps
  data, information, programs and applications

- Cloud storage is the actual online storage media

• Capacity

          - The number of bytes a storage medium can hold

HARD DISK

- Contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that use magnetic 

  particles to store data, instructions and information

• Head crash

          - Occurs when a read/write head touches the surface of a 

            platter

• External hard disk

          - A separate freestanding storage device that connects with 

            a cable to a USB port or other port on a computer or mobile 

            device

FLASH MEMORY STORAGE

• Flash memory chips are a type of solid state media and contain no moving parts
• SSD (Solid state drive) and HDD (hard disk drive)

SSD	HDD
High price(1TB≈RM1000)	Low price(1TB≈RM160-200)
Smaller capacity (max1TB lp/4TB pc)	Big capacity (max4TB lp/10TB pc)
Short lifespan	Long lifespan
Low power consumption (2W)	Higher power consumption (7W)
High speed (200-550Mb/s)	Lower speed (50-120Mb/s)

• Memory card

       

• USB flash drive

   

CLOUD STORAGE

- Internet service that provides storage to computer  or mobile device 

  users

OPTICAL DISC

- Consists of a flat, round, portable disc made of metal, plastic and 

  lacquer that is written and read by a laser

• CD-ROM can be read from but not writable or erasable
• CD-R is an optical disc on which users can write once, but not erase
• CD-RW is an erasable multisession disc
• DVD-ROM is a high-capacity optical disc on which users can read but not write on or erase
• DVD-R or DVD+R are competing DVD-recordable WORM formats, on which users can write once but not erase
• DVD-RW, DVD+RW, and DVD+RAM are high-capacity rewritable DVD formats

OTHER TYPES OF STORAGE

• Magnetic stripe card

          - Contains a magnetic stripe that stores information

• Smart card

          - Stores data on an integrated circuit embedded in the card

• Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

          - The RFID tag consists of an antenna and a memory chip that 

            contains the information to be transmitted via radio waves

          - An RFID reader reads the radio signal and transfers the 

            information to a computer or computing device

• Microfilm and Microfiche

          - Store microscopic images of documents on a roll or sheet film

CHAPTER 7 & MICROSOFT POWERPOINT

CHAPTER 7: INPUT AND OUTPUT

INPUT

Any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer.

• Keyboard

• Pointing Devices

          - Mouse

         

         - Touchpad

         - Trackball

         - Pointing stick

• Pen input

• Motion input

• Voice input

          The process of entering input by speaking into a microphone

          -Voice recognition is the computer or mobile device’s capability
            of distinguishing spoken words

• Audio input

          -The process of entering any sound into the computer such as
            speech, music, and sound effects

• Video input

           The process of capturing full-motion images and storing them
           on a computer or mobile device’s storage medium

           - Webcam

              - Capture video and still images

              - Send email messages with video attachments

              - Add live images to instant messages

              - Broadcast live images over the Internet

              - Conduct videoconferences

              - Make video calls

• Scanner and Reading Devices

          - Scanner is a light-sensing input device that reads printed text
            and graphic and then translates the results into a form the
            computer can process

       

          - Bar code reader uses laser beams to read bar codes

         

          - QR code stores information in both a vertical and horizontal 

            direction

         

           - Optical reader is a device that uses a light source to read 

             characters, marks and codes and then converts them into 

             digital data that a computer can process

              - Optical character recognition (OCR)

           

              - Optical mark recognition (OMR)

              

          - Magstripe readers read the magnetic stripe on the back of 

            cards

        

OUTPUT

Data that has been processed into a useful form

• Display

          Visually conveys text, graphics, and video information

         

          - Monitor

        

• Printer

          Produces text and graphics on a physical medium

          - Nonimpact printer

            - Forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without
              actually contacting the paper

          - Ink-jet printer

           

             - Forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops
               of liquid ink onto a piece of paper

                

          - Laser printer

       

          - All-in-one printer

            - A single device that prints, scans, copies, and faxes

          

         - Thermal printer

            - Generates images by pushing electrically heated pins against
               the heat-sensitive paper

             

         - Mobile printer

            - A small, lightweight, battery-powered printer that allows a
              mobile user to print from a mobile device

              

         - Label printer

            - A small printer that prints on an adhesive-type material that
              can be placed on a variety of items

           

         - Impact printer

            - Form characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking
              a mechanism against an inked ribbon that physically contacts
              the paper

            

• Speaker

          

• Headphones

          - Speakers that cover or are placed outside of the ear

• Earbuds (Earphones) 

• Data projector 

          - A device that takes the text and images displaying on a
            computer or mobile device screen and projects them on
            a larger screen

MICROSOFT POWERPOINT

Choose a theme:

1. On the File tab of the Ribbon, select New, and then choose a theme.

PowerPoint shows you a preview of the theme, with four color variations to choose from on the right side.

2. Click Create, or pick a color variation and then click Create.




Insert a new slide:

1. On the Home tab, click the bottom half of New Slide, and pick a slide layout.




Add text:

Select a text placeholder, and begin typing.



Format text:

1. Select the text.

2. Under Drawing Tools, choose Format.



3. Do one of the following:

• To change the color of your text, choose Text Fill, and then choose a color.

• To change the outline color of your text, choose Text Outline, and then choose a color.

• To apply a shadow, reflection, glow, bevel, 3-D rotation, a transform, choose Text Effects, and then choose the effect you want.

Add pictures:

1. On the Insert tab, do one of the following:

• To insert a picture that is saved on your local drive or an internal server, choose Pictures, browse for the picture, and then choose Insert.

• To insert a picture from the web, choose Online Pictures, and use the search box to find a picture.

Choose a picture, and then click Insert.

Insert audio:

1. In Normal view, click the slide that you want to add a sound to.

2. On the Insert tab, in the Media group, click Audio.

3. In the list, click Audio on My PC, locate and select the audio clip that you want, and then click Insert.
The audio icon and controls appear on the slide.



In Normal view or Slide Show view, click the icon and click Play to play the music or other sound.

Add animation:

1. Select the text or object you need to animate
2. Click on the Animations tab in the navigation ribbon.
3. Click Add Animation.
4. Select an animation effect from the list.

Add transition:

1. Subtle:



2. Exciting:



3. Dynamic Content:



Hyperlink:

Insert a hyperlink to another slide:

1. Right-click the selected text or image, then click Hyperlink.

2. The Insert Hyperlink dialog box will appear.

3. On the left side of the dialog box, click Place in this Document.



4. A list of the other slides in your presentation will appear. Click the name of the slide you want to link to.



5. Click OK. The text or image will now be a hyperlink to the slide you selected.